Steam-trubine shaft.



No. ess-8h44. PATBNTED DEG. 18, 1906. G. A. PARSONS, H. HALL A J.TURNBULL. STEAM TURBINBSHAPT.

APPLIOATION-IILED FEB, 5. 1906.

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lATENTED DEG. 1s, 1906. c. A. PARSONS, H. HALL J. TURNBULL.

STEAM TURBINE SHAFT. APPLIUATION FILED 1123.5. 190e.

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No. 838,744. PATENTED DEC. 18,-19'06. G. A. PARSONS, H. HALL n J.TURNBULL.

STEAM TURBINB SHAFT.

APPLIGATIQN FILED FEB. 5. 190e.

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hf/M0524@ "L PATENTED DEG. 18, 1906. C. A. PARSONS, H. HALL & J.TURNBULL.

STEAM TURBINE SHAFT. APPLIGATION FILED rma. s. 190e.

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CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, OF NEI/VOASTLE-UPON-TYNE, AND HEWIT- SON HALLAND JOHN TURNBULL, OF WALLSEND, ENGLAND; SAID HALL AND TURNBULLASSIGNORS TO SAID PARSONS.

STEAM-TURBINE SHAFT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 18, 1906.

Application iled February 5, 1906. Serial No 299,539.

To @ZZ whom, t may con/cern:

Be it known that we, CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS, C. B., residing at HeatonWorks, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and HnwrTsoN HALL and Jol-IN TURNBULL,residing at T urbinia l/Vorks, I/Vallsend, in the county ofNorthumberland, England, subjects of the King of Great Britain andIreland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Packing Devicesfor the Shafts of Steam-Turbines and other Rotary Motors, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in packing devices for the shaftsof rotary motors, and is especially applicable in steamturbines.

I-Iitherto it has been usual to construct the packing-glands ofsteam-turbines in such a manner that they cannot be examined or adjpstedwith out removing the cover of the tur- The object of the presentinvention is to provide an improved packing-gland in which the gland maybe examined, removed, or adjusted without removing the cover or casingof the turbine or other motor.

The first part of our invention consists in providing the packing-glandsof rotating shafts with means for withdrawing the packing forinspection, comprising a removable top cover and a semicylindriealextension on the turbine-casing, which together form a box for a splitbushing carrying the packing rings or collars.

The second part of our invention consists in a conical formation of thepacking collars or rings, which are stepped so that the bush may beentirely withdrawn longitudinally. Any form of baffle may be employedwith this form of gland, either those depending upon radial clearance orlongitudinal adjustment for their steam tightness.

A third feature of our invention resides in means for effecting theindependent longitudinal adjustment of the gland-packings, whereby whenthe turbine has been warmed up the packing collars or rings may be s'etto a fine degree of clearance for the prevention of leakage.

In a modification we employ in combination a group of conical packings,as described above, and one or more groups of pisturbine glands.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, which form part of ourspecification, Figure 1 illustrates a form of removable packing forrotating shafts in which the packing collars or rings are cylindrical inform. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation similar to that shown in Fig. l ofa conical arrangement of the packing-collars. Fig. 3 is anothersectional elevation of a form of the invention in which provision ismade for the longitudinal adjustment of the split bushing. Figs. 4 and 5are sectional side and front elevations of a combined piston-ring andconical packing-gland according to one modification of this invention.

In carrying out the invention according to the form shown in Fig. l thecover b of the turbine-cylinder or in some cases where no separate coveris used the turbine-cylinder itself is provided with a semicylindricalportion d, which forms the lower half of the packing-box. The upper halfof the packing-box is formed by the semicircular cover f, xed to theturbine-cover b by the anges c,

in the packing-box so formed. The packing-collars are carried on a splitbushing c,

tion in Fig. l. In some cases we also make able, as shown by dottedlines in Fig. 1. this form the entire boX is detachable.

The packing 'which we employ may be either of the radial clearance typeor the pistypes. The lantern-spaces `are connected to expansion of thesteam for the purposel of reducing leakage through the packing-rings.

various parts of the expansion of the steamI the drop of pressurebetween, and in` conseminimized. This has also the effect of preservingthe life of the rings or collars.

It will be seen that by removing the cover f of the gland-box the topbushing may be readily removed and inspected, while the l shaft till ittoo may be readily removed. In

and the usual lantern-spaces g are provided only the lower half of whichis shown in posithe lower half d of the packing-box detacin ton-ringtype or a combination of these two the turbine-casing at suitable pointsinthe Thus by connecting the lantern-spaces g t0- quence the leakage in,the various groups is lower packing-bushing may be slid round theton-ring packings as ordinarily used in steam- IOO this way therepairing of the gland or packing is much facilitated and does notrender it necessary to remove the whole top of the turbine cylinder orcover. The side of the turbine-casing marked a represents the interior.

In the form of our invention illustrated in Fig. 2 and in the upper halfof that figure, in addition to the removable cover f, we provide aconical packing bushing h, having stepped collars The shaft i has alsostepped collars formed on it, the collars on the shafts being soproportioned that the split bushing .h may be readilyT withdrawn to theleft in Fig. 2, where it will be noticed the step of smallest diameteris arranged toward the outside, the diameter of the steps increasinginwardly. In the lower half of this figure separate rings 7c are shownas the form of packing employed. As shown, these rings are arranged ingroups, and, as in the case of collars j, the rings c are proportionedso as to permit of the longitudinal withdrawal of the bushing. For thepurpose of longitudinally adjusting the packing after .the turbine hasbeen heated up we provide bolts s, having slots formed in the headsthereof. (lotters t, passing through these slots, bear against theconical bushing h, so that by hammering down the cotter t the bush 71.may be adjusted longitudinally.

In Fig. 3 the gland is shown with other means for longitudinallyadjusting the packing. The split packing-bushing 7L is provided with ascrewed portion m, which engages a nut n. This nut rests in a recessformed in a ring 0, fixed to the removable cover f and to the part d ofthe turbine cylinder or cover. Passing through the ring 0 there are anumber of set-pins p, adapted to bear against a short plain gland q,adapted to force a packing-ring r outward against the inner cylindricalsurface of the gland-box, thereby preventing leakage froin thelantern-space g to the atmosphere. By screwing the nut 'n in Fig. 3 thebushing h is adjusted longitudinally, while by tightening up theset-pins p leakage from the lantern-space g is effectually prevented.

In Figs. 4 and 5 a modification of our invent-ion is shown in which acombination of conical and piston packing is used and in which thelongitudinal adjustment of the packing-bushings is effected by means ofnuts operated simultaneously by means of a rack in the manner well knownas applied to the packing-glands of piston-rods. The bushing l) isprovided with lugs through which pass studs c, having nuts w, providedwith toothed rims, these toothed rims being adopted to engage with acircular rack fc. A locking device .il is also provided.. In this caseno special provision is made for the prevention of leakage of steam fromthe lantern-space g, as we find that this leakage in some cases ispractically negligible.

In most cases we prefer to form between groups of steps or groups ofparallel collars lantern-spaces. e, communicating with thelantern-spaces g g in the gland-box in order to prevent a greatdifference of pressure between the sets of rings nearest the turbinedrumand the set most remote therefrom. These lantern-spaces are shown in thepackings hereinbefore described with reference to Figs. 2 to 5. such asin the form shown in Fig. 4, may be employed, or we may use one or moreconical groups in conjunction with one or more parallel groups ofbaffles with or Without the intermediate lantern-spamj s z.

It is to be understood that throughout the claims the term collarincludes a ring fixed to the shaft or bushing.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A packing-gland for a rotating shaft, having in combination, asemicylindrical extension in the pressure-casing, a removable top cover,a split bushing carrying the packing-collars, packing-collars on theshafts and registering with the packing-bushing, substantially asdescribed.

2. A packing-gland for rotating shafts having in combination, a fixedsemicylindrical extension on the pressure-casing, a removable top cover,a split bushing having groups of packing rings or collars, packing ringsor collars fixed to the shaft and registering with the packing rings orcollars on the bushing, substantially as described.

3. A packing-gland for rotating shafts having in combination,conically-arranged collars on the shaft, a split bushing carryingpacking-collars adapted to said conically-arranged collars, an inclosingbox having a removable top thereto, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

4. A packing for rotating sh afts having in combination, groups ofcollars arranged in steps on the shaft, a split bushing carryingpacking-collars, an inclosing box having a removable top thereto.

5. A packing-gland for rotating shafts having in combination,packing-collars arranged in groups, partly cylindrical in form andpartly conical, a split bushing adapted to the collars on the shaft, abox inclosing the bushing and having a removable cover thereto,substantially as described.

6. A packing-gland for rotating shafts having in combination, apacking-gl and box with a removable top cover, a split bushing withinthe box said split bushing having packingcollars thereon,packing-collars on the shaft, and means for longitudinally adjustingposition of the split bushing, substantially as described.

7 A p acking-gland for rotating shafts having in combination, apacking-gland box with Severalgroups of conical steps,

IOO

IOS

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a removable cover, a split bushing within said box, groups ofpacking-collars arranged in steps, collars on the shaft adapted to thecollars in said bushing, means for longitudinally adjusting the positionof the bushing, the step of smallest diameter being toward the outerside of the gland and the other steps being progressively of largerdiameter toward the inner side of the gland, substantially as described.

S. A packing-gland for rotating shafts having in combination, apacking-gland box with a removable cover, a split bushing carryinggroups of packing-collars, groups of packingcollars on the shaft adaptedto the packingcollars on the bushing, spaces between said groups,lantern-spaces g in the packing-gland box, holes in the split bushing atthe spaces between the groups of packing, said holes communicating withthe lantern-spaces.

9. A packing-gland for rotating shafts having in combination, apacking-gland box with removable cover, a split bushing, packingcollarson said bushing, packing-collars on the shafts, lantern-spaces g in thepacking-gland box, a packing-gland q adapted to prevent leakage fromsaid lantern-spaces, substantially as described.

l0. A packing-gland for rotating shafts having in combination, apacking-gland box with removable cover, a split bushing, packing-collarson said bushing, packing-collars on the shafts, lantern-spaces g in thepackinggland box, a packing-gland q adapted to prevent leakage from saidlantern-spaces, means for longitudinally adjusting the split bushmg.

1l. A ,packing-gland for rotating shafts having in combination, apacking-gland box with removable cover, a split bushing, packing-collarson said bushing, packing-collars on the shafts, lantern-spaces g in thepackinggland box, a packing-gland g adapted to prevent leakage from saidlantern-spaces, a ring externally fixed to the gland-box, a screwed ringengaging with a screw on the split bushing and working in a recess inthe externallyfixed ring.

12. A packing-gland for rotating shafts having in combination, apacking-gland box with removable cover, a split bushing, packing-collarson said bushing, packing-collars on the shafts, lantern-spaces g in thepackinggland box, a packing-gland q adapted to prevent leakage from saidlantern-spaces, a ring externally fixed to the gland-box, a screwed ringengaging with a screw on the split bushirigand working in a recess inthe externallyfixed ring, screws in the screwed ring adapted to exert anend pressure on the packinggland q.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names tothis specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS. HEWITSON HALL. JOHN TURNBULL. Witnesses:

HENRY GRAHAM DAKYNS, Jr., WILLIAM DAGGETT.

